{VERSION 3 0 "IBM INTEL NT" "3.0" } {USTYLETAB {CSTYLE "Maple Input" -1 0 "Courier" 0 1 255 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 }{PSTYLE "Normal" -1 0 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 0 1 79 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }{PSTYLE "Text Output " -1 2 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Courier" 1 10 0 0 255 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 3 } 1 0 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }{PSTYLE "Warning" 2 7 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 0 1 0 0 255 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 }0 0 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }{PSTYLE "Maple Output" 0 11 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }3 3 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }{PSTYLE "" 0 256 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }3 0 0 -1 -1 -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 0 }} {SECT 0 {EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 67 "To examine the phase diagr am close to the equilibrium point (0,100)" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 13 "with(linalg):" }} {PARA 7 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 32 "Warning, new definition for norm" }} {PARA 7 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 33 "Warning, new definition for trace" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 14 "with(DEtools):" }}{PARA 7 " " 1 "" {TEXT -1 35 "Warning, new definition for adjoint" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 40 "A:=diff(x(t),t)=.2*x-.004*x^2-.003* x*y; " }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 39 "B:= diff(y(t),t)=.1*y-.001*y^2-.003*x*y;" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 106 "DE plot(\{A,B\},\{x(t),y(t)\},0..100,[[x(0)=.1,y(0)=99],[x(0)=.5,y(0)=101 ]],x=-.1..0.6,y=99..101,stepsize=.1); " }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 70 "To examine th e phase diagram of the linearisation at the point (0,100)" }}{PARA 0 " " 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 39 "First find the linearisation as follows" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 " " {MPLTEXT 1 0 27 "f:=.2*x-.004*x^2-.003*x*y; " }{TEXT -1 0 "" }} {PARA 11 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 26 "g:=.1*y-.001*y^2-.003*x*y;" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 9 "v:=[f,g];" } {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 21 "J:=jacobian(v,[x,y]);" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 31 " J100:=subs(x=0,y=100,evalm(J));" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 29 "The linearisation is given by" }}{PARA 256 "" 0 "" {OLE 1 4096 1 "[xm]Br=WfoRrB:::wk;ny yI;G:;:j::>:B>N:F:nyyyyy]::yyyyyy::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::fyyyyya:nYf::G:jy;:::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::JcvGYMt>^ :fBWMtNHm=;:::::::n:;JZC:bKB::R]ArfMHIwW:A:;V;:F::]KRnC=MtFGgml>:;::::::JGN:r y:>:<::::::=J:^K>:F:AlqfG[maNFO=;::::::::_J;vyyuy:>:<::::::AZ:^E>:nYN: J:W:YJ:>\\:B:]:_J:V<^K^Z;r:Ebd:Xb[og]gffk=v:;J:::::j:Z::::::::jysyA:CB:F:;jysy? :;:qSJZI:=j>r:;Y::E:Mb:B:CZ:NZ;F:E:=b:yyyyI:E:M:;>ryiryA^Bfn=V;n>^;UTR:;JZ=j@[;;B:::::::JFNZ;J:N:;B:yayA:;B::::::f:=;jysy:>:<::::::wqy[:::::::::::::vYxI:;Z:::::::::::::::: ::::yay=J:B::::::::jBjwEJ:uI<:[V:b:DJ:<:[V:B:D:cTTUUSaEBWTSiEB_t UUURWMP^:f?=J@`:^:f?;:>X= j>>:_kAIJlF:Jjw?JB:>l;Z:b:^D:::f?=JJSJFUj: JQjDjw;<:[V:=J:>Z<:::F>C:UK:^:>X=j>>:_kg^@=Z:fH;p>JSjiMj:jt:N@qNTF:nHO o>JSjuMj:jt:N@>hAF:nH><l;>:DZaTXDpql`G^:f?=J:U;e:qAB:>l;Z:b :^DP@:JP:US:;J:[;JSj^Lj:jS> RJSJaUj:jR>ROZ:n^@J?vyyuy=B:>:[Z:VY[j=J:^qX:;::::::::::::::::::::::3:" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 65 "To draw the phase diagram of the linearisation proceed as follo ws" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 "A1:=diff(x(t),t)=-0.1*x;" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 30 "B1:=diff(y(t),t)=-0.3*x-0.1* y;" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 107 "DEplo t(\{A1,B1\},\{x(t),y(t)\},-50..50,[[x(0)=0.1,y(0)=-1],[x(0)=.5,y(0)=.6 ]],x=-.1..0.6,y=-1..1,stepsize=.1); " }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}}{MARK "20 0 1" 0 }{VIEWOPTS 1 1 0 1 1 1803 }