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equilibr ium points of their linearisations." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 70 "2) What does ths tell you about the stability of the nonlinear system." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 90 "3) Verify the answer to (2) by looking \+ at the phase plane diagram of the nonlinear system." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT 256 31 "To find the equilibriu m points." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart:" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 13 "with(linalg):" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 14 "with(DEtools):" }}{PARA 7 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 35 "Warning, new definition for adjoint" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 11 "f:=x+y-x^2;" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "g:=-x+y;" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 23 "solve(\{f =0,g=0\},\{x,y\});" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 40 "The equilib rium points are (0,0), (2,2)." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT 257 27 "To find the Jacobian matrix" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 9 "v:=[f,g];" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }} {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 21 "J:=jacobian(v,[x,y]);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 260 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 18 "At the point (0,0)" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 29 "J0:=subs(\{x=0,y=0\},evalm(J ));" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 257 "" 0 "" {OLE 1 4608 1 "[xm]Br=WfoRrB:::wk;nyyI;G:;:j::>:B>N:F:nyyy yy]::yyyyyy::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::fyyyyya:nYf::G:I:wAyA::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::NDYmq^H;C:ELq^H_mvJ::::::::g jR<:T><::;uviHymhJwW:A:;f;:F::]KRnC=MtFGgml>:;::::::JGN:ry:>:<::::::=J:^V>: F:AlqfG[maNFO=;::::::::_J;vyyuy:>:<::::::AZ:^E>:nYN:J;;J ?>:a:QJ:^;f;;JAjA>:[B::c:wAeJ:n<;jEJFjFJyky;:::::::::::::::::::: 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"" 0 "" {TEXT -1 99 "The eigenv alues are imaginary with positive real parts and the linearisation is \+ an unstable spiral." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 119 "By the linearisat ion theorem the nonlinear system mimics this behaviour and the point ( 0,0) is a repeller and unstable." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" } {TEXT 258 0 "" }{TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 261 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 18 "At the point (2,2)" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 29 "J1:= subs(\{x=2,y=2\},evalm(J));" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 262 "" 0 "" {OLE 1 4608 1 "[xm]Br=WfoRrB:::wk;nyyI;G:;:j: :>:B>N:F:nyyyyy]::yyyyyy:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::fyyyyya:nYf::G:I:wAyA:::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::NDYmq^H;C:ELq^H _mvJ::::::::gjR<:T><::;uviHymhJwW:A:;f;:F::]KRnC=MtFGgml>:;::::::JGN:ry:>:< ::::::=J:^V>:F:AlqfG[maNFO=;::::::::_J;vyyuy:>:<::::::AZ:^E>:nYN:J< 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;F:C:[Q:F;;JSJpUj:B:SKj^[:B:_;[u;AB:;JlZ:NOQ=N@vxHF:^?N;n>N;yyyxy:J:>< :sg:>Z:FZX=j; " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 24 "A:=diff(x(t),t)=x+y-x^2;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 21 "B:=diff(y(t),t)=- x+y;" }}{PARA 11 "" 1 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 183 "DEplot(\{A,B\},\{x(t),y(t)\},-50..50,[[x(0)=1,y(0)=1 ],[x(0)=.1,y(0)=.1],[x(0)=1.5,y(0)=2],[x(0)=2.6,y(0)=2.1],[x(0)=1.5,y( 0)=1.5],[x(0)=2.2,y(0)=2.2]],x=-.5..2.5,y=-0.5..2.5,stepsize=.1);" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 46 "Th e phase portrait supports the above analysis" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}}{MARK "28 0 0" 0 }{VIEWOPTS 1 1 0 1 1 1803 }